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鋰離子電池工作的原理

2022-08-04

鋰離子電池

鋰離子電池以鋰化合物為正極，在充放電過程中，沒有金屬鋰，只有鋰離子，這就是鋰離子電池。當(dāng)電池充電時，鋰離子在電池的正極上產(chǎn)生，產(chǎn)生的鋰離子通過電解液移動到負極。

當(dāng)鋰電池在充電時，鋰離子在電池的正極上產(chǎn)生，產(chǎn)生的鋰離子通過電解液移動到負極。作為負極的碳呈層狀結(jié)構(gòu)，微孔較多。到達負極的鋰離子嵌入在碳層的微孔中。鋰離子嵌入越多，充電容量越高。類似地，當(dāng)電池放電時，嵌入在負極碳層的鋰離子會回到正極。返回正極的鋰離子越多，放電容量越高。

一般鋰電池充電電流設(shè)置在0.2C ~ 1C之間，電流越大，充電越快，電池發(fā)熱越大。此外，如果電流太大，容量就不會滿，因為電池內(nèi)部的電化學(xué)反應(yīng)需要時間。

鋰電池放電需要注意以下幾點：

1、放電電流不宜過大。電流過大會導(dǎo)致電池內(nèi)部發(fā)熱，可能造成永久性損壞。

2、不要過度放電！鋰電池怕過放電。一旦放電電壓低于2.7V，電池可能報廢。


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